Cipher type-writer.



PATBNTED MAY 5,.1903.

F. SEDG-WIOK.

.. GI'PHBR TYPE WRITER z" APPLICATION FILED SEPT. s, 1898.

3 SHEBTSSHEET 1.

l vuvmTmc MACHINES,

Cryptograpm'ci PATENTED MAY 5, 1908.

F. SEDGWIGK. GIPHER TYPE WRITER.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. a, was.

3 SHEBT88HEET 2- NO MODEL.

MW Mm M,

197. TYPEWWITING MACHINES,

727.213- BAT-BNTBFMLY F. SEDGWIGKL V GIPHBR-TYPE WRITER.

APPLIOATIONTILED SEPT.3.1898. n N0 MODEL. H a EHEETB-BHBET a.

I m m V @JM TME mums PEYERS co. PHOTO'LITHQ, wasnmumn, n. c.

No. va /sis,

UNITED STATES Patented May 5, 1903.

ATENT- Fries.

FREDERICK SEDGWIOK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CIPHER TYPE-WRITER.

srenclmcnmxon farming-pastor ristt'essr'atnt No. 727,213, a'aarnay 5, 1903'. Application filed September 3, 1898. Serial No. 690,200. (No model.)

ro reference in thediti'erent fignresindicatelike parts. p The objectof myinventionistosoconstruct -',a...cipher type writing machine that it may 1 automatically, as the result of an arbitary "r predetermined arrangementof the printing characters in their relation toa given key board, transform any desired message into a cipher formincapa-ble of translation except by one havinga like machine and possessing the key or combination by which it may be In harmony with this principle my invention consists in providing one or more charactor-forms, preferably in the shape oi -disks v a series of characters thereon from which a printed impression may be taken and each being-provided with means wherebysaid characters may be arranged in any predetermined and arbitrary relation with respec to an ar- I bitrary zero-point asst en. .Lz:: -zt ten of operating-keys, the arrangement of which latter is permanent and constant, the relation be Htween the two being such-that when a given key is actuated another and different charactor from that represented thereonfinay be fprinted. Mypurpose is to so arrange the characters and keys with respect to each other that when the latter are actuated the result will be an apparent heterogeneous conglomerat-ion of printed characters constituting a cipher, the translation of which can only be made by one having the key to ora knowledge of the relahaving such key the printing-forms may be arbitrarily rearranged to harmonize there- ;with, so hat the striking of the keys in the 'order of the printed cipher will resultin the automatic translation of said printed cipher and the printing of theinossago in its original form. I

set to translate the previously-printed cipher.

or type-wheels, each character-form having .tive combination of theprintingforms, and

A further object is to provide automatic means forchanging the relation between the characters re presented by the respective keys and those upon thetype-form at predetermined intervalsaml means for measuring the intervalsautomatically, whereby the relation of thecharacters to the keys may be changed,

characters tribe-printed at different times.

Fromth'e foregoing it follows that with two machines of identical. construction located in different places a message may be printed in cipher in one place, and the cipher (which otherwise) may be translated Joy the use of the machine at the receiving-station by, merely striking the keys corresponding to the characters ot' the cipher, provided the party receiving-the message is in possession of the secret key of the sender of the message and sets his machine to conform thereto, all of which is hereinafter. more particularly described and claimed.

in the drawings, Figure l is a plan view of a machine embodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view in detail of the printing type-wheel and the mechanism im niediatel y connected therewith for shifting the characters in their relation to the keys. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken upon the line 3 3, Fig. 2, viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown. Fig. L is a vertical sectional View of the machine, taken upon the line 4 l, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view in detail, showing a part of the shifting mechanism for changing the relation of the characters and keys, ,including that for reversing the direction of movement of the shift. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectionalview of the stop mechanism for-stopping the type-wheel in an initial position. Fig. 7 is a face view of one 01' the typewho is. Fig. 8 is a similar view of a typewh -el, showing a modification of said inventi .12 for the purpose of reversing the action, so as to. translate the cipher. Fig. 9 is a detail view showing modified means for automatically shifting the initial position of: the by pe-wheel, and Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail view showing the means for automatically l shift ng the type-wheel.

consecutively or otherwise, so that the de.- pressionot' a given k6)",It y..9&lll..difierent" may be transmitted by telegraph, mail, or

fro

\rVhile my improvement is capable of being applied to various forms of typo-writing machines,- I prefer to apply it to some form in ani'sm is so well understood in the machine referred to as to require no detailed description. A vertical shaft (3, mounted in suitable bearings, is centrally l "at-ed in the achine, as shown, and is provided with a pinion 7, Fig. 4, which is located beneath the base. Connected with said pinion is a train of gears 8, upon the arbor of one of which is mounted a coiled spring 9 for actuating the train. The shaft 6 therefore is adapted to be rotated through the act-ion of the spring and gears, subject to the automatic control of the mechanism hereinfter described.

Upon the shaft 6 is mounted agear-wheel 10, which engages with a pinion 11 upon a hub 12, loosely mounted upon a stationary stud 13, projecting vertically from the frame, as more clearly shown in Figs. 3 and at. Loosely mounted upon the stud 13 is a sleeve 14, which fornis a part of the hub of a typewheel 15, having the desired characters upon its periphery, preferably arranged in an arbitrary mannersuch, for example, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Beneath the type-wheel is a ratchet 16, Figs. 3, 7, and S, which is adapted to engage and interlock with a corresponding ratchet 17, Fig. i f the hub,f2. The

type-wheel is held in place and theratchets in engagement by means of arm 18, and said type-wheel is capable of being removed and readjusted with respect to the pinion 11,

so that any given character upon the 'type wheel may be caused to stand normally in an initial position, a knowledge of which relative position forms a key to the automatic translation of the cipher, as hereinafter ex plained. 55

6, but better shown in thelast two figures,

upon the end and side of which arm and extending outwardly therefrom as shown in Fig. 6,-"is formed a stop '2zfwinetisaaaptm" ,to normally engage 3.1.. cfent 23 upon treleasnormal initial position.

ing the type-hammer 5, all of which mech- Extending ra ing-yoke 24:,madc from spring metal and having its ends rigidly attachedto the frame, as shown, at 25 25, Fig. 2. The releasing-yoke is'connected,by means of a rod 26,to the usual releasing-lever 27, which is,inoperativecom nection with-al1li1'o'f'the key-levers. When the keysare at rest and the releasing-yoke is in its normal position, the detent 23 is adapted to engage the stop 22 and prevent the rotation of the type-wheeland hold itin its key is depressed, the releasing-lever, which is elastic, is caused to yield as a result of the upward pressure of the rod 26 until it assumes the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. (5 and permits the release of the stop 22,

thereby permitting the type-wheel to make one revolution before it is again arrested by the detent 23, which assumes its normal position upon the release of the key. Before the revolution of the type-wheel is completed, however, it is necessary to arrest the typewheel, so as to present the desired character at the proper point to enable the usual impression to be taken therefrom. This is accomplished by the following-described means: Inserted loosely in bores formed in a semicircular framework 27 are a series of vertical pins 28, said pins corresponding in number with the keys, each pin being placed above and arranged to engage with a type-lever, so that the depression of a given key will lift a corresponding pin. Spiral springs 29, Fi l, serve to depress the pins and also the key- When, however,

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levers and to hold both in normal positions.

The pins 20 are arranged in the arc of a cirale, and attached to the top of said pins, respectively, are arms 30, all of which extend inwardly toward a common center formed by the shaft 6. In order to avoid confusion in other details, I have shown only three of said arms in Fig. and but one in Fig. They are all shown, however,.in Fig. 1.

A semicircular guide-ring 31 is secured to the frame, which ring is provided with a series of vertical slots 32, (see Fig. 3,) adapted to receive the arms 30 and to serve as guides therefor. The radial position of the several arms is thus preserved, while they are free to be moved vertically.

Loosely mounted upon the shaft 6 is a Geneva stop-wheel 33, which serves a double purpose-via, to arrest the type-wheel at points conforming, respectively, to the characters to be printed and to shift the relative positions of said wheel so that the characters printed will be constantly and systematically changed with respect to given keys, thereby complicating the printed cipher. I will first describe the former function, which, were it notfor the continuous-shifting feature, might be performed by the gear-wheel ,10. The wheel 33 is positively connected, in the manner hereinafter described, with the arm 21,

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so as to rotate therewith, and hence the 1'0- by, the arrest of the former serving to stop the latter. Attached rigidly to the wheel 33 is a depending stop-pin 34, the path of which as the wheel is rotated is immediately above the arms 30, but adapted to be arrested by any one of the latter when raised. The depression of a key therefore serves to stop the printing-wheel, so asfo cause that type to be brought into position-wiueir seirtesponds to the key depressed. A weak bent spring 35 is attached, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, to the under side of the wheel 33 andis' adapted to pass over any given arm 30 when raised and to spring down sufficiently after having passed to engage said arm and prevent a rebound of the wheel, which would otherwise result from its sudden arrest. It will thus be seen that when an arm 30 is raised by the action of the key as soon as the spring passes it and it is engaged by the pin 34. it is locked in position and prevented from movement in either direction until the key is again released, when the shaft 6 continues its partial revolution until arrested by the action of the stop 22.

The are described by the path of movement of the pin 34- between the ends of the two outside arms 30 represents one-third of a circle and is equal to the circumference of the type-wheel, and the gears 10 and 11 are so proportioned tha t e movementf. the pin 34: throughout the lngthmi the arc described will cause one complete revolution of the type-wheel. This construction is preferred in adapting the invention to the particular type-writer described, although a larger typewheel might be employed and the gears dispensed with but this would be objectionable, owing to the greater weight and momentum.

It will be seen from the foregoing that when a given key is depressed the stop 22 is released and the type-wheel is caused to revolve by means of the clockwork until the pin 34 is engaged by an arm corresponding to the key depressed. This contact occurs at a time when the desired character is presented opposite to the type-hammer, and while thus presented an impression is taken by the action of said hammer, when upon releasing the key the type-wheel completes its revolution and is arrested in its normal position by the engagement of the stop 22.

I have stated that the characters are arranged indiscriminaffly up n the y )WhGGL It is obvious, therefor'e,'"t-hatif"thekeys were actuated to print a sentence the apparent result would be a mere.conglomeration-ofcl1aracters,"eaeh, however, bearing a predetermined relation to a given key according to the relative initial position of the typewheel as primarily adjusted by the operator.

This initial or cipher position may be any arbitrary one within the entire range of characters, except one--viz., that which would cause the characters to be printed as they appear upon the keyboard or in the same manner as in. an ordinary type-Writer. An arbi- "an: rs eitie rmn that-retain d shoul be chosen to represent the zero position or the position on the type-wheel opposite the typehammer when the type-wheel is at rest, then upon depressing the a key a would be printed. It, then, the wheel is arbitrarily shifted one notch, as represented by the ratchet-teeth 16, so that b would stand at the zero-point, then upon depressing the a key b would be printed. It follows, therefore, that b would represent the initial cipher position. This knowledge is essential in utilizing the key to the cipher. Inasmuch as the act of translation is the reverse of that which takes place in printing the cipher, the translating position of the type-wheel would be as many points or characters upon one side of thezero-point as the initial cipher position is upon the other side. If the initial cipher position were b, one step to the right of the zero-point,then the initial translating position would be the first character. to the left, or 2, assuming the characters to be arranged in regular order. It is manifest, therefore, that insetting the type-wheel for translation it should be reversed as many points in one direction from the zero-point or -a as it is moved in the opposite direction when starting to print the cipher.

Assuming, for example, that the operator were desirous of printing in cipher the word Paris, and that m were to represent the initial position of the type-wheel, and that kfxto? were the characters upon the typewheel representing under such adjustment the respective keys actuated, and that y were the character equally distant from a in an opposite direction, then y would representthe translating position, and upon placing that character opposite the type-hammer and depressing the keys bearing the characters kfxto the word Paris would be printed.

In utilizing my invention a cipher might be printed upon a machine by one party and transmitted to another at a distant point by letter or wire, and the party receiving it,

knowing the initial cipher-letter upon the type-wheel, would set the ratchet-teeth 16 so that y would stand at the zero-point, and H thus-by striking the'keysin the order and IIO corresponding to the characters in the cipher would be able to translate it. In such a machine the initial or normal position of the typewheel would remain constant during a given operation and could only be varied in accordance with a predetermined key and that by arbitrarily shifting the typewheel from time to time; This, no matter what the arrangement "of characters on the wheel,

would in printing a long message cause'a regular sequence of characters, which might ivrcvvru I lwu MAUHINbS,

Cryptographic.

furnish a clue to the translation of the cipher,

' and in order to overcome this pos ible exigency I have providediiie'aits-aer automatically shifting the relative position of the typewheel, either consecutively or otherwise, for the purpose of changing the relation between the characters represented by the respective 'keys and those upon the type-form at predetermined intervals, said means serving to measure such intervals automatically, so that the repeated movement of the same key will cause different characters to be printed.

In Figs. lto 5 I have shown a shifting mechanism for the purpose described. which is well adapted to the machine to which I have applied my invention; but in its present form it is only adapted to sliit't the typo-wheel upon the printing of every third character. I will first describe said construction, explain how.

it may be varied, and then describe a modified construction adapted to shift consecutively.

Mounted upon a stud 36,attached to a lateral extension of thearm 21, (better shown in Fig. 5,) is a wheel 37 he periphery of which coincides with the cnrt ednotches' 36 upon the wheel 33. A single teeth 39 upon the wheel 37 serves to engage corresponding notches 40, formed in the periphery of the wheel 33. The wheel 37 serves to lock the wheel 33 in a stationary position with respect to the arm 2i at all times, except when the teeth 39 is brought into engagement...with one of .the...

notches 40,"when the wheel 33 is rotated a distance corresponding to the space between said notches. This occurs with each complete revolution of the wheel 37, the two wheels constituting what is commonly known as a Geneva stop. Immediately above and rigidly attached to the wheel 37 isa star-wheell, having three radial arms, as shown. Pivoted to the frame at 42, Fig. 2, is a shift-lever 43,

' (also shownin Fig. 5,) which is bifurcated at t f nd, so as misses ar s (Better s'howii'in' Fig."5',"but represented'iri'Figs. 2, 3, and 4.) Pins 46 47 are extended downwardly from said arms, and one or the other of said pins is adapted to cr r ge the arm of said ..Si3tl-Wl166l as the arm -2i and'wneel 33 are rotated. \Vhen the shift-lever is in the position shown in Figsa2, 3,"a'nd 5, itis in an engaging position and with each revolution of the wheel 33 engages an arm of the star-wheel and moves it one-third of a revolution, thereby shifting the pin 34 in the wheel 33 a distance corresponding to one of the curved notches 38, which in turn serves to shift therelative position of the type-wheel and change the relationship of all the characters thereon with respect to the keyboard. This action is continued automatically with each revolution of the star-wheel during the printing of a'mes- Inasmuch as the wheel 33 rotates from left to right when printing the cipher, the star-wheel, assuming the shift-lever to be in the position shown in Fig. 5, is caused to retate from right to left, thus advancing the wheel 33 one notch to the right with each revolution of the star-wheel. It is thus obvious that the relation between the keys and the characters is constantly changing, or,

rather, in the construction now being considered that it changes with the printing of every third character. Assuming a given cipher-message to be composed of thirty characters, it follows that the pin 3t would be shifted ten points from its position at the beginning of the message and that the character on the typewheel which would represent the initial cipher position would be the thirtieth character from that hearin g the same relation at the outset. It follows, therefore, that in order to translate the cipher automatically the action of the mechanism should be reversed in the same order in which it is advanced. The accomplishment of this result is the object of the shift-lever 4.3.

In order that the translation maybe accomplished, it is necessary in this construction that the position of the star-wheel should be adjusted both for printing the cipher and for translating it. The arms 48 and 49 might be designated by different colors or characters, and in commencing to print. the cipher the arm 48 should be placed in the position shown in Fig. 5, with the tooth 39 at the right of the notch 40. Before commencing to translatethe lever 43 should be reversed,so as to cause the pin 47 to engage the arms of the star- .Wheel, and -th.e..arm....49 should be placed inadjustmentin'dicated of the star-wheel, set

the type-wheel back to'th-e translating positiotr, and actuate the keys in the order of the l printed cipher, when an'accurate tra sla-tloti"?v give a brief description of the operation of the parts, beginningwith the depression of a key and ending when the stop 22 has come to a rest against the frame 23. Upon the depression of a key the pin 34L, which we will assume to be temporarily located at the right of the star-wheel, is permitted to rotate with the wheel 33 as a result of the release of the that the wheel 33 is loose upon the shaft 6, butis normally locked in position by the hub 37 upon the arm 21, which hub engages with the notches 38. The arm 21 is in turn rigidly connected with the gear 10, by which the type-wheel is directly controlled. When the described release occurs, the wheel 33 continues to move until the pin 34: strikes one of the arms 30 corresponding to the key depressed, it being understood, as stated, that stop 22 from the stop 23, it being understood the depression of any given key acting through the rod 28 serves to lift one of the arms 30 corresponding thereto. The proper character upon the type-wheel being then located at the printing-point, afurther depression of the key causes the hammer 5 to be released, thereby permitting it to strike the back of the paper, which causes the latter to be pressed against thechamster;from which an impression is made thereon. Upon releasing the key the wheel 33 and the arm 21 continue to move until the revolution of the arm 21 is completed, the releasing of the key permitting the part 24 to fall to its normal position when the stop 23 is in the path of movement of the stop 22, by which the movement of the latter is arrested. Upon the depression of a key and the consequent release of the stop 22, as described, one of the arms of the star-wheel48, for example-is caused to engage with the pin 46, thereby rotating the hub of the star-wheel one-third of a revolution. Upon making two more key depressions it is obvious that a complete revolution of the star-wheel hub would occur, as a result of which the tooth 39 therein would. engage with one of the notches 40, thereby shifting the wheel 33 a distance measured by one notch 38, when the wheel would be again locked in position by the engagement of the hub with the next s cceeding noth. It is manifest that this ilibl titilotlmltiflnlft serves to change the relation between the typewheel 15 and stop-pin 84, which results in prin'tin g adifferent charactr'froni that which" would have been printed had the shift not By this movement the typetion to the stop-pin 34.. In translation the reverse of this movement occurs, thereby causing the original character to be presented to the printing position in the same manner as would occur in the event of a regular transposition of characters in theabsence of a shifting mechanism."

-- Instead-ofemploying' hu-t' one teeth 39 in the star-wheel three might be used, which would cause the type-wheel characters to be shifted consecutively.

In Fig. 9 I have shown a modification of sa'idinventio'n in which in lieu of the notches 38 and 40 upon the wheel 33 I have substituted ratchet-teeth" and in lieu of the starwheel and wheel 37 3" escapement ever 51, pivoted at 52 to theaiurbfi'lairit Era-ting a short arm 53 in lieu of the stop 22. A light spring 54. is attached to the arm 21 and bears against said lever, so that when the stop is disengaged the escapement-lever will be reversed, thus throwing the pallet 56 into engagement with the escapement-wheel and disengaging the pallet 55. With each revolution, therefore, of the wheel 33 it would be advanced one notchloy the action of the escapement mechanism, and hence the characters upon the type-wheel would be shifted consecutivcly in their relation to the keyboard. It

late which would necessitate corresponding shifts in the secondary machine to cause it to conform thereto.

In the star-wheel construction above described the reverse action necessary for translating the cipher would be accomplished by means of the shift-key 43, thereby reversing the direction of movement of the Wheel 33; but inasmuch as said modified construction is not adapted to be so reversed the same result could be accomplished by employing a translating type-wheel in which the characters were arranged in inverse order from those upon the wheel used for printing the cipher. Such a type-wheel is shown in Fig. 8, which is the converse of that shown in Fig. 7.

It is apparent from the foregoing that the leading generic feature of my invention consists in producing atype-writing machine so constructed that when a key representing a given character is actuated a different charactor will be printed; but the same character will not necessarily be repeated by the repetition of such action. In other Words, the provision of means for changing the relation between the keys and type characters, either consecutively or otherwise, automatically or presented during the printing of a given message that no logical sequence is indicated in the cipher itself, as there would be in a long message were this feature omitted. These results may be accomplished in a variety of ways and may readily be applied tovarious forms of type-writing machines. Hence Ido not confine myself tothe construction shown; but

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters. Patent, is- 4 board the keysof ,nzhich'denote c'ertaiii'characters, printing mechanism so arranged that the ac't'ionof a key denoting a given character shall cause the printing of a different character upon the paper and means for continuously changing the primary relationbetween said characters and keys during the printing of a given message, whereby such message may be translated into a cipher, the characters in which shall vary in their relation to the keys actuated in printing the same, sub

stantially as described.

2. A'type-writerin which is combinedakeyboard, the keys of which denote certain characters, printing mechanism so arranged that the action of a key denoting a given character shall cause the printing of a different character upon the paper, means for continuously changing the primary relation between said characters and keys during the printing of a given message, and means for reversing the arbitrarily servesto sochange the characters.

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1. Atype-writerin whichis combineda key ffas described.

e. A type-Writerin which is combined a keyboard, the keys of which denote certain characters,printing mechanism so arranged that the striking of a key denoting one character shall print a different character upon the paper, means for automatically changing the relation between the characters and keyboard as 'the keys are actuated, ail-aim .i for reversing the order of presentation of the characters upon the type-form, substantially as described.

5. A type-writer in which is combined a keyboard, the keys of which denote certain characters, printing mechanism so arranged that the striking of a key denoting one character shall print a different character upon the paper, means for automatically changing the relation between the characters and keyboard as the keys are actuated, and means for automatically reversing the action of said charace tor-changing mechanism, substantially as de scribed. w

6. The combination in a type-writer, of a keyboard representing certain characters, a type-form bearing the same characters,means for adjusting said type-form to a predetermined initial cipher position bearing an arbitrary relation to a zero or constant printingpoint, so that the strikinguofflanykey.willprint adiffe'reht character from th t represented thereby, means tor-at; 'ifiiiiftiilflttily shifting said type-form in a predetermined order during the printing of a message, means for readjusting said type-form to a translating position bearing a corresponding reverse relation to said zero-point, and means for reversing the order of presentation of the characters in the act of translating, from that em- "ployed in printing the ci pher,"substantially as described.

7. 'Aeiplibi tyne-enter"instants combined a type-carrier, keys for actuating the same, means for automatically changing the relation between the type and keys as the W'iting proceeds and at determined intervals, and means for measuring said intervals automatically, substantially as'de'scribed.

8. A cipher type-writer in which is combined a movable and adjustable type-carrier having type arranged in disordered relation with respect to the keys, means for adjusting at determined intervals the relative position of the carrier as the writing-proceeds, and means for measuring said intervals automatically, whereby as a result of the operation of the keys to print ordinary characters, the carrier will move to print an arbitrary but orderly series of characters, substantially as described.

9. A machine of the class described, in which is combined a keyboard representing the characters of the ordinary alphabet, a type-carrier bearing characters representative of those of said alphabet, means for varying said representative characters after a predetermined period of use, and means for measuring said period automatically, substantially as described.

10. A machine of the class described, in which is combined a keyboard representative of the ordinary alphabet, a carrier hearing a set of transposed characters to represent those of the ordinary alphabet, means for automatically changing said set of characters, and means for automatically measuring the periods of said change, whereby the same letter of the alphabet will be represented in different parts of the message by different characters, substantially as described.

11. A machine of the class described, in which is combined suitable type, a series of keys for actuating said type, means for antomatically changing the relation between the type and keys at determined intervals, and means for measuring said intervals automatically, substantially as described.

12. A machine of the class described, in which is combined a series of type, keys for manipulating the same, means for changing the relation between the type and keys at determinedwintervals, and means for measuring said intervals automatically, substantially as described.

13. A machine of the class described, in

typecarrier having characters thereon,means for adjusting the position of said carrier at determined intervals, means for measuring said intervals automatically, and suitable keys for actuating said carrier, whereby the relation between the type characters and keys is automatically changed, substantially as described.

14. In atype writing machine the combination of a typecarrying device, keys for ..:which-is combined a movable and adjustable bringing the individual type on the carrier into printing position, a paperjearrie n.means for impressingthepositioned" type upon the paper on the paper-carriage, and means for automatically and progressively changing the relation between the characters on the type-carrier and the keysemployedfor op erating the type-carrier.

15. In a type-Writing machine involving the combination of a type-carrying device, a plurality of keys for bringing individual type characters into printing position and impressin g the same upon a sheet of paper,

and means for autoinatically and progresswriter for use according to any predeterw sively changing the relation between the mined code of cipher. 7

type characters on the type-carrier and the I In testimony whereof I have signed this respective type-carrier-operatingkeys; means specification in the presence of two subscribfor altering any original or primary relation ing witnesses.

between the characters on the type-carrier FREDERICK SEDGWIOK. and the devices employed for causing said Witnesses: characters to be printed, whereby variations D. H. FLETCHER,

maybe made at will adapting the type- FLORENCE KING. 

